Integration of Muwaṭhanah Principles in the Analysis and Development of Islamic Cultural History Materials Through a Multidisciplinary Approach

Abstract

This conceptual study examines the integration of muwāṭhanah (Islamic citizenship values) into the development of Islamic Cultural History (SKI) learning materials through a multidisciplinary approach. The background stems from the gap between the normative vision of Islamic education aimed at shaping civilized, tolerant, and participatory citizens and classroom practice, which remains descriptive and memory-based. The study explores: (1) how muwāṭanah values such as equality, social responsibility, and respect for diversity are represented in current SKI materials; (2) how a multidisciplinary design can systematically embed these values into objectives, content, strategies, and assessments; and (3) how the model could be conceptually implemented and evaluated prior to field application. The theoretical synthesis indicates that integrating muwāṭhanah enriches Islamic educational paradigms by combining the integration interconnection framework with fiqh al-muwāṭanah. The proposed model positions teachers as facilitators of value dialogue and learners as active agents connecting Islamic history with contemporary social realities. Conceptually, this integration provides a transformative pathway toward reflective, collaborative, and civic-oriented SKI learning, potentially serving as a prototype for curriculum innovation rooted in Islamic and national values. Further empirical validation through Design-Based Research (DBR) or Research and Development (R&D) is recommended to examine the model’s feasibility and pedagogical impact within Indonesia’s pluralistic and democratic education system.