The Dynamics of Digital Mediation: The Role of Social Media Platform Algorithms in Shaping Narratives of Peace and Political Polarization in Conflict Areas

Abstract

This study adopts a critical perspective on the role of social media platform algorithms as the primary mediators of contemporary political communication in conflict areas in Asia. The main objective is to analyze the specific mechanisms by which algorithms (including recommendation, ranking, and ad targeting functions) contribute to the amplification of polarizing narratives and the attenuation of peacebuilding narratives. The study uses Mixed Methods by combining In-Depth Interviews (N=18 peacebuilders and technology experts) and Big Digital Data Analysis (N=254,300 posts) from three case studies in Asia: the Papua Conflict, Indonesian Election Polarization, and the Rohingya Crisis. Quantitative results show that Polarization Narratives are 4 times more likely to trigger interactions and spread 6 times faster (Viral Velocity) than Peacebuilding Narratives ($p < 0.001$). Qualitative analysis identified the existence of 'systemic algorithmic bias' driven by the logic of profit, which actively replicates ideological segregation (Modularity Q = 0.88). This study concludes that algorithms act as 'Structural Political Mediators' that inherently hinder digital peacebuilding efforts, demanding a shift from content moderation to socially responsible technological system design reform.